Film photographic camera



Oct. 29,1929. U, Nls'rRl l 1,733,234

FILM PHO'IOGRAPHIC CAMERA Filed June 1, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FILHPHOTIOGRAPHIC CAMERA Filed Jung 1. 1926 if l V o o 3 n Patented Oct'.29, 1929 1 ...'1aN1l OFFICE UMBERTO NISTBI, F ROME, ITALY FILMPHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA .Application med June l1, 1926, Serial No. 113,079,and in Italy .Tune 5,1925.

My invention 'relates to improvements in photographic cameras and moreparticularly to that class of cameras with film spools intended to makephotographs of greater size 145 than those of the usual motion pictureapparatus.v

Photographic cameras of said class have been already built or proposed,wherein in order to prevent buckling of the film during 1n the exposure,which is practically unavoid-` able notwithstanding the most 'carefultensioning, a transparent plate has been provided against which the filmis pressed during the exposure by means of a pad or pressing plateapplied at its back. The presence of the transparent plate insertedbefore the film being not desirable, one of the objects of the inventionisa device to allow keeping perfectly fiat the ortion of the film to beexposed I0 in the focal p ane of the machine at the moment of theexposure without the use of the above mentioned transparent plate, andincludes also the means provided for transmitting the movement to thevarious devices contained in the camera, as well as to the shutter.

The result aimed at is obtained by pressing the portion of the film tobe exposed, and lying ,in the focal plane, against the edges of a windowserving as support while two l a0 rollers are moved across the windowand insure the perfect stretching of the film during the exposure. v

In the annexed drawing diagrammatically showing by way of illustrationan embodiment I6 of the invention,

Fig. 1 is a section of the box containing the film shown applied to aphotographic apparatus the objective of which is directed downwards.

D Fig. 2 is on an enlarged scale a perspective view of the means forpressing the film against the window of the frame.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the curtain shutter with the rollers forstretching the film. v

Fig. 4 shows the receiving spool provided with an attaching tongue forthe film.

Fig. 5 shows the connection between the main shaft and a roller whichproduces Vthe intermittent motion of the film.

Figs. 6 and 7 are respectively a diametrical section and a top view ofan adjustable friction clutch for compensating the variations due to thewinding of the film upon the reel.

Fig. 8 shows a device for controlling the action of` the shutter.

Fig. 9 shows a device for carrying the film and marking the position ofeach picture.

As willxbe seen from Fig. 1, the film is wound upon reels 2 and 6contained in a box 1 placed at the rear of the camera. The lm as itunwinds from the reel 2 passes under a roller 3, resting upon the focalplane A 5 B, which coincides with the outer face f the wall 61, andpassing under the roller 4 re- 65 turns to the interior of the box 1where it is wound upon the reel 6.

That portion of the film. to be exposed rests upon the focal plane A 5Band is comprised within the edges of a window, the opening of which isperfectly equal to a corresponding opening 71 of the camera provided inthe fixed frame forming the back wall of the lens carrying box and amovable upper plate 8 which exactly covers said window and is moreclearly shown in Fig. 2. The lens carrying f box is not shown in thedrawing.

At the moment of the exposure the rotation of a cam 9 (Figures 1 and 2)by means of the lever 10, one end of which carries a roller 62 riding onthe edge of the cam, the links 11 pivoted at 77, and articulated withone of their ends to the lugs 79 of the plate 8. the

connecting rod 63 articulated at 64 to the lever 10, which is pivoted at65 and the springs 12 85 resting against a pivot 78, cause the descentunder the'action of spring 12 of the movable plate 8 which therebytightly presses the film 60 against the window 7 of the wall 61.

i Atthe same time, the curtain shutter-66 90 supported by the armature14 (Figs. 1 and 3) registers with the said window, and two rollers 15carried bythe said armature 14 move across the window 7 and against theplate 8 thereby stretching the film; the curtain is held against thewindow by the springs 16 sliding upon a smooth plane 17. The curtain ofthe shutter sliding swiftly allows the exposure of the film through theopening 18 shown in Fig. 3 the film being'100 stretched upon the plateS'byV means of the rollers 15.

After the exposure of the film the roller 62 reaches the circularportion of the edge of the cam 9, and thereby compels the lever 10 toswin in such a manner as to cause the links 11 to li tl the plate 8 fromthe window, overcoming the' resistance of the spring 12, and to kepitlifted while the film is carried forwar As has been mentioned above, thebox 1 carrying the film contains the feeding reel 2 as well asthecollecting reel 6, .and the easing H within which the box l is containedis provided with bearings for the pivots 67, 35 of the reels 2 and 6 onwhich pivots the box 1 -is mounted, and in order to allow thesubstitution of the box 10, when the whole length of the film has beenexposed, the casing H is provided with grooves G', G along which canslide the pivots 35, 67 of the two reels. The film comes out from thebox through a slit 19 near the reel 2 and returns to the box after`exposure through another slit 2O near reel 6. For this urposethecollectin reel 6 is rovided wit a tongue 21 (Fig. 4 of thin s eetmetal showing several cross, cuts 68. The said tongue projects cut fromthe box 1 the said cuts serving for fastening ythe lm .to the reel 6,which in revolving draws the film within the box.

rI.he movements of the film and of the rshut- Iter are controlled in themanner now to be4 explained. To the shaft 22, the main shaft of theapparatus rotated by any convenient means'and transmission not shown inthe drawingand which is kept continually rotating while the apparatus isworking, is keyed the cam 9 which periodically causes the lowering ofthe movable plate 8 upon the film and the lifting of the same plateafter the exposure. Upon the same main shaft 22 is keyed alsoa toothedwheel 23 (Fig. 5) meshing with a wheel 24 loosely mounted on the shaft25 of the roller 4. For the sake of clearness, the wheels 23 and 24which are shown in Fig.- 5 have been omitted from Fig. 1. The wheel 24carries a pawl 27, which when revolving together with the wheel moves acam 26 having two diametrically opposite teeth 29 and 30 the said cambeing fastened to the roller 4 keyed upon the shaft 25. The wheel 23 hasa projecting pin 28 designed to lift,

the pawl 27 thereby disengaging same from the cam, as soon as the wheel24 has made a rotation of 180o counted from the initial position. Whenthe pawl is disengaged, it will ride over the-cam which will stop untilthe pawl meets the other tooth and thereby maintalning arrested also theroller 4, -the movement of saidpiecesy beginning again when, afteranother rotatiQn of 180 of the wheel 24, ,the pa'wl 27 falls down againupon thecam at th ef-tooth diametrically opposite. The

dewice no w to be described constitutes an auto- 'maticallydetachablefconnection between the l4, the periodical stopping of theroller 4 causing in its turn the stopping of the film at each step ofthe operation.

' In order to secure a chronous movement of the roller 4 and o thecollecting reel 6 there is provided, as shown in Fig. 5,-a deviceconsisting of a wheel 31 loosely mounted upon the shaft 25 of the roller4 and provided with two diametrically opposite pawls 32, which engagethe teeth of a ratchet wheel 33 integral with cam 26 andtherefore movingtogether with the roller 4;. it follows that on the cam 26 rotatingtogether with the roller 4 the wheel 31 is also put in motion.

The wheel 31 Nmeshes in its turn with Vthe wheel 34, Figs. 6 and 7,which is loose on the shaft 35 of the reel 6. ASaid shaft can ybe'onnected with the roller by withdrawing a knob 37 in such a manner asto caus'e the square bolt 36 to engage a correspondingrecess provided inthe bottom of the reel 6. The movement of the wheel 34 is transmitted tothe reel 6 by means of a friction clutch controlled by means of screws'38 acting on brake shoes 81 in such a manner' as to carry the reel,allowing however the necessary sli to compensate for the variation inthe win ing of the film upon the reel. It should be noted that when, inloading the camera, the reel 6 is rotated by hand, by means of the knob37, the roller 4 remains at rest becausethe wheel 31 rotates in the;contrary direction of that which permits it engaging and carrying alongthe ratchet wheel 33. r

The action of the shutter` is controlled by mea-ns of a devicecomprising a whee139, Fig. 8, mounted on themain shaft 22 and meshingwith a wheel 40 loosely mounted upon a shaft 41 whereon is looselymounted also another wheel 42, which carries a cam 43. The wheel 42meshes with the wheel 44 which is used for winding up the roller withthe curtain of the shutter upon the shaft 45.

The rotation of the wheel 39l is transmitted to the wheel 40 and causesthe lifting of' when its end 72`is lowered, will move thej..

cam 43 upon which it rests and therefore causes the wheel 42 to rotate,which transmits the Amovement to the wheel of the curtain.

Each-time` the end 72 of the pawl 46 is raised, the curtain' is releasedand sna s under the action of a spring coiled upon t e pivot 50, Fig. 1,the curtain being released soon afterwards, that is when the pawl 46 ofeach picture. Said device, Fig. 9, consists of two double punches 73, 74fastened tothe end faces of the roller and movable radially, for whichurpose they are provided with openings 5, 76 having an elongated sha eand through which passes the sha-ft 25 o the roller 4; the saidl punchesare pushed against the film by means4 of the pins 51, 52 and the cam 53in such a manner that their projecting ends will perforate the film. Oneof said punches engages the film during` its whole passage upon the halfperiphery C of roller 4 While they are inverted during the passage uponthe half periphery D under the action of the cam and of the oppositePVO- l To complete the camera there is provided the cover H of semicylindrical sha which protects the whole surface against t e action ofthe light during the operation. I Claim: I

camera, a supporting plate for the film to be exposed, an operatingshaft, means controlled by said shaft for periodically lower-f ing andraising said supporting late, said plate when lowered pressing the iagainst the edge of the exposure opening, a curtain shutter adapted toslide in front of said opening, and rollers carried by the armature ofin front of said opening. p

2. The combination as specified in claim 1, in which the means forperiodically lowering and raising the supporting plate comprise a cammounted on said operating shaft, a lever controlled by said cam, andlinks connected to said lever and said plate, the arrangement being suchthat the lowering of said plate times with the closing andthe of saidshutter. 3. The combination as specified in claim 1, l including acollecting reel, guiding rollers for the film, one of said rollersadapted to carry the exposed film to said collecting reel, a clutchinterposed betweensaid operating shaft and said carrying roller, a camon said shaft, and means controlled by said. cam for disengaging saidclutch and arresting-said roller during the exposure of the film andreengaging said clutch after the exposure:

4. The combination as specified in claim 1,

1. In combination with a photographic i said shutter for stretching thefilm whenV y raising of said plate times with the opening,

means, and com gears 'including a ratchet wheel, driven by said shaft, apawl, and a cam acting to engage and disenga said pawl, so as to causethe lowering of said plate, its temporary arrest and the raising .m ofthe plate to time respectively with the closing, the openin and thetemporary inoperation of said s utter. Y

In testimony Vwhereof I have aixed my signature at Rome this18th day ofMay, 1926. 75

UMBERTO Nrs'rRI.

ioo

including a feeding and a collecting reel for the lm, guidin` andcarrying rollers, connecting means etween the carrylng roller and saidcollecting reel, said connecting means comprising an adjustable frictionclutch adapted to compensate for the variations du'e to the winding ofthe film upon 60 said reel. A 5. The combination as specified inclaim 1,including means for insuring the synchronous movement of said supportingplate and said shutter, and means actuated y said op- 65 erat-ing shaftfor controlling said first named

